Is valacyclovir better than acyclovir

SmilingFacial twitchesMost doctors think that Bell's palsy is caused by damage to the facial nerve, which causes swelling. This nerve passes through a narrow, bony area in your skull. When the nerve swells -- even a little bit -- it pushes against your skull's hard surface, which affects how well the nerve works.Researchers have long believed that viral infections may also play a role in Bell's palsy. They’ve found evidence that suggests the herpes simplex 1 virus (a common cause of cold sores) may be the cause of a lot of cases. Other viruses that are linked to Bell’s palsy include:Adenovirus (respiratory conditions)Coxsackievirus (hand-foot-mouth disease)CytomegalovirusEpstein-Barr (infectious mononucleosis)Herpes zoster (chickenpox and shingles)HIV/AIDSInfluenza B (flu)Lyme diseaseMiddle ear infectionMumpsRubella (German measles)There’s no lab test for Bell’s palsy. Instead, your doctor will do a complete physical exam. They’ll examine your face and ask you to make different facial expressions to see how your muscles act. Most doctors can diagnose it based on your symptoms, but they'll also rule out other conditions such as stroke, middle ear infection, Lyme disease, and tumors. To check for other health problems that can cause facial paralysis, your doctor might order tests including:Blood tests to rule out other infectionsElectromyography (EMG) to check your nerve activity and see if your paralysis will get better and how fastMagnetic resonance imaging (MRI) or computed tomography (CT) scans to eliminate other problems that can cause paralysisIs having Bell's palsy serious?If you have Bell’s palsy, it usually isn’t serious. Your paralysis should go away in a few weeks or months without any treatment. But if you feel facial weakness or paralysis, it’s important to see a doctor right away to rule out more serious medical conditions.If you have Bell's palsy, you're likely to make a full recovery even if you don't get treatment. But there are some things that may help you heal faster.Corticosteroids (such as prednisone). These can help ease swelling of your facial nerve and help it start working normally faster. Corticosteroids work best if you take them soon after the start of your symptoms.Antiviral drugs. Antiviral medications such as acyclovir (Sitavig, Zovirax) and valacyclovir (Valtrex) are sometimes prescribed in combination with corticosteroids, typically in severe cases of Bell's palsy. They don't seem to have much effect when they're taken alone.Eye drops. If your Bell's palsy affects your ability to blink and close your eye, use eye drops or an ointment to keep it moist. Wear an eye patch to keep dirt and dust out and moisture in.Surgery. Surgery is usually a last resort if your symptoms don’t go away, or if you have complications.Bell’s palsy physical therapy Even temporary paralysis can shrink and shorten your muscles. Physical therapy may help strengthen your facial muscles and help you get back facial coordination. You can also try massaging your face with your fingertips or exercising your facial muscles. Try to move every part of your face gently and slowly, using your fingers to help.Is Bell’s palsy permanent?While most people with Bell’s palsy completely

The head and torso of a patient with pityriasis rosea.... read moreImage courtesy of Karen McKoy, MD.Pityriasis Rosea (Back)This image shows violaceous, scaly plaques on the back and arms of a patient with pityriasis rosea. Patches that appear more pink in patients with light skin appear violaceous and/or hyperpigmented in patients with dark skin.... read moreImage courtesy of Karen McKoy, MD.Pityriasis Rosea on the GroinThis photo shows atypical (inverse) pityriasis rosea characterized by oval scaly plaques in the inguinal creases.Image provided by E. Laurie Tolman, MD.Classically, lesions orient along skin lines, giving pityriasis rosea a Christmas tree–like distribution when multiple lesions appear on the back. A prodrome of malaise, headache, and sometimes arthralgia precedes the lesions in a minority of patients.Diagnosis of Pityriasis RoseaClinical evaluationDiagnosis of pityriasis rosea is based on clinical appearance and distribution. Differential diagnosis includesTinea corporisTinea versicolorDrug eruptionsPsoriasisParapsoriasisPityriasis lichenoides chronicaLichen planusSecondary syphilisSerologic testing for syphilis is indicated when the palms or soles are affected, when a herald patch is not seen, or when lesions occur in an unusual sequence or distribution.Treatment of Pityriasis RoseaAntipruritic therapyNo specific treatment is necessary because the eruption usually remits within 5 weeks and recurrence is rare.Artificial or natural sunlight may hasten resolution. Antipruritic therapy such as topical corticosteroids, oral antihistamines, or topical measures may be used as needed. Limited data suggest that a short course of acyclovir may be helpful in patients who present early and have widespread disease, or present with flu-like symptoms (1). Of note, pityriasis rosea during pregnancy (especially during the first 15 weeks of gestation) is associated with premature birth or fetal demise. Pregnant women should be offered acyclovir; however, antiviral therapy has not proved to reduce obstetric complications (2). 1. Contreras-Ruiz J, Peternel S, Jiménez Gutiérrez C, et al: Interventions for pityriasis rosea. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2019(10):CD005068, 2019. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD005068.pub32. Stashower J, Bruch K, Mosby A, et al: Pregnancy complications associated with pityriasis rosea: A multicenter retrospective study. J Am Acad Dermatol 85(6):1648-1649, 2021. doi: 10.1016/j.jaad.2020.12.063Key PointsPityriasis rosea is a self-limited, inflammatory disorder of the skin possibly caused by human herpesvirus types 6, 7, or 8

Students also studiedFlashcard setsStudy guidesPractice testsgonorrhea, chlamydia, herpes simplex, HPV-mucopurulent vaginal dischargegram - diplococci-women usually asymptomatic, but a prolonged infection can result in PID (bacterium travels to the pelvic peritoneum)-can infect any mucocutaneous surface (oral, urethral, vaginal, cervical, anal)NAAT (nucleic acid amplification test) of discharge or urineceftriaxone 500 mg IM for pts (double if larger)no sex until its treatedgonorrhea and chlamydia coinfection txoral doxy (100 mg 2x/day for 7 days)when to think of gonococcal pharyngitisanyone with persistent pharyngitistake samples for culture-urethritis-vulvovaginitis (vulvar/vaginal discomfort, pain, pruritus)-inflammation of cervix-clear, watery discharge-post-coital bleedingchlamydia trachomatis serotypes D-Kif untreated, can result in infertility, miscarriage, increased risk of mislocated pregnancyneonatal (0-4 weeks) conjunctivitis and pneumoniadoxy 100 mg PO BID x 7 daysalt: azithro or levofloxacinpreg: azithro or amoxicillinherpes simplex cervicitis-HSV2-prodrome of burning, tingling, pruritic-vesicles on an erythematous base-reactivation doesn't cause sx; only INITIAL infectionherpes simplex cervicitis dx-clinically, viral culture gold standard-PCR-Tzanck prep from skin scrapings show multinucleated giant cellsherpes simplex cervicitis txacyclovir, valcyclovir, famcyclovirsuppressive therapy for severe/frequent (valacyclovir daily)genital warts--> type 6 & 11Gardasil-9 vaccinetrichomonas commonly seen in combo with condylomata acuminatafleshy skin colored lesions

Platelet transfusions during multiple courses of chemotherapy or for candidates for hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Leukocyte depletion also lowers the probability of acquiring a cytomegalovirus infection. A decreased granulocyte count is common in patients with cancer. Neutropenia is defined as a reduction in the blood neutrophil count to 9/L); however, baseline neutrophil counts tend to be lower in Black patients than in White patients (3). Decreases in granulocytes can result from a direct effect of the cancer (especially blood and bone marrow cancers such as leukemias, lymphomas, and multiple myeloma) and from effects of cancer therapy, especially conventional chemotherapy agents. The risk of infection is inversely proportional to the granulocyte count. A granulocyte concentration 500/microL (0.5 × 109/L) markedly increases the risk of infection. Measures to protect against infection, including wearing a mask, hand washing, and protective isolation, are important. Laminar air flow (LAF) rooms are sometimes used but have not proved effective. Oral nonabsorbable antibiotics are sometimes given prophylactically. When a prolonged interval of low granulocytes is anticipated, prophylactic antifungal and antivirals are sometimes given, including medications to prevent Pneumocystis jirovecii. In patients with cancer who are receiving chemotherapy, in whom there is an expected incidence of febrile neutropenia >20 %, prophylactic myeloid growth factors such as filgrastim, sargramostim, or pegfilgrastim are given with the chemotherapy (4, 5).Afebrile patientswith neutropenia require close outpatient follow-up for detection of fever. These patients should be instructed to avoid contact with sick people and areas frequented by large numbers of people (eg, shopping malls, airports). Although most patients do not require antibiotics, patients with severe immunosuppression are sometimes given trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (one double-strength tablet/day) as prophylaxis forPneumocystis jirovecii. In patients who have undergone hematopoietic stem cell transplantation or others receiving high-dose chemotherapy, antiviral prophylaxis (acyclovir 800 mg orally twice a day or 400 mg

Temperature. However, not all species may be able to move to avoid thermal stress, and global warming has already been correlated with mass mortalities in the Mediterranean. With more than 60% of the world’s population living on the coastline, we all depend on a healthy sea just as much as these beautiful creatures.“The sea, the great unifier, is man’s only hope. Now, as never before, the old phrase has a literal meaning: we are all in the same boat.”- Jacques Yves Cousteaumanta ray in bali5. The best holidays are close to the water.The ocean is a happy-zone! Our temple, our life, our second home, our exhilaration place. It’s where we swim, surf, sail, dive, chillax, and ‘lime’. Family holidays and Sundays often happen on the beach. For sailors, fisherman and islanders, it also is a transport zone.It carries us to new lands, and connect us with nature and each other. As sailors, we also serve as educators, ambassadors and advocates of a lifestyle on the water. Together we share a passion for the ocean, and an avid desire to keep our playground clean and safe forever. Waterways are crucial to our health, for us and future generations.Come sail with me & Ocean Nomads in Greece 2024.The FAO estimates (6) on the most recent official statistics indicate that 59.6 million people in the world were engaged in fisheries and aquaculture in 2016.Only at the European Union level, the blue sector represents 3.362.510 of jobs(7), in 9 subsectors: coastal and maritime tourism, Aquaculture, Renewable Energy, Mineral Resources, Biotechnology, Fisheries, Shipbuilding and Ship repair, Offshore Oil and Gas, and Transport. In fact, 90% of the world trade is made by sea. In the U.S. close to three million jobs(8) are directly dependent on the resources of the oceans and Great Lakes.The ocean gives jobs to fishers, lifeguards, surf instructors, harbours, (free)diving schools, marine-based tour operators, water sports businesses, holiday accommodations, and, of course, ocean nomads!7. The Ocean has therapeutic properties. Did you know that the anti-viral drugs Zovirax and Acyclovir were obtained from nucleosides isolated from Caribbean sponges? Or that Yondelis, developed from

VD. DEA Sch. IITop 200 drugs#12You receive an order for 1000mL of dextrose solution to be administered over 8 hours. What would be the infusion rate per hour to deliver this volume over the specified time? a. 100mL/hrb. 125mL/hrc. 175mL/hrd. 200mL/hrTwo examples of antiviral medications are: a. Acyclovir and Oseltamivirb. Lamivudine and Oimetidinec. Amlodipine and Amantadined. Ribavirin and CytarabineWhich of the following formulas will produce a 1000mL solution of 3.5% amino acid in 15% dextrose? A. Amino Acid 10% 500mL + Dextrose 30% 500mLB. Dextrose 30% 500mL + Amino Acid 10% 300mLC. Amino Acid 7% 500mL + Dextrose 30% 500mLD. Dextrose 30% 600mL + Amino Acid 7% 400mLHow to do this oneWhich of the following is in DEA Sch. II ?A. ClonazepamB. OxytocinC. MethylphenidateD. RoloxifeneThanks for taking the PTCB / ExCPT Practice testWhich of the following is not a valid DEA number ?A. BJ7750436B. BC9292929C. AC5710226D. AJ6746747How many tablets should be dispensed, given the following order: Prednisone 5mg sig: ii tabs qid x 2 days; ii tabs tid x 2 days; ii tabs bid x 2 days; i tab tid for 2 days; i tab bid x 2days then stop.a. 44b. 28c. 48d. 46While rotating stock, a drug container has the expiration date of 07/2012. Which of the following days does this bottle actually expire? A. 06/30/2012B. 07/01/2012C. 07/31/2012D. 08/01/2012The publication used to find approved (generic) Drug Products with Therapeutic Equivalence is known as: A. Merk ManualB. Generic Drug ListC. Orange BookD. PDRWhat directions should be typed on the label for the following order ?Rx: Amoxicillin suspension 250mg/5mL; Sig; 250mg tid for 7 days.a. Give one teaspoonful three times daily until finished.b. Give one teaspoonful twice daily until finished.c. Give one tablespoonful three times daily until finished.d. Give one-half teaspoonful twice daily until finished.AbbreviationsWhich of the following belong to the